Hvidmccoy9416

The root tuber of Ophiopogon japonicus (Thunb.) Ker-Gawl ("Maidong" in Chinese), with steroidal saponins and homoisoflavonoids as its representative chemical compositions, is a representative medicinal herbs with multiple major producing areas. This study aimed to distinguish the O. japonicas samples from Zhejiang and Sichuan by using an ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC/Q-TOF MS)-based metabolome analysis. Firstly, a global chemical constituent identification of O. japonicas was carried out by using both automatic and manual methods. An integrated steroidal saponins structural identification strategy in O. japonicas based on exact mass information, fragmentation characteristics and retention time was developed. CD markers inhibitor Overall, 135 steroidal saponins, 47 homoisoflavonoids and 9 other metabolites were quickly identified or tentatively identified from the MSE continuum data. Furthermore, multivariate statistical analysis revealed that O. japonicas from Zhejiang and Sichuan can clearly be separated and some markers were screened. Moreover, some major active components including total soluble sugar, total soluble polyphenol, total flavonoid, total saponin and 10 specific compounds were analyzed quantitatively. In general, these results showed that there were many differences between the metabolic profile data of O. japonicas from different producing areas, O. japonicas from Sichuan showed higher level steroidal saponins and samples from Zhejiang had higher contents of homoisoflavonoids specifically, and indicated that metabolite profiling by UPLC/Q-TOF MS is an effective approach for the discrimination of medicinal herbs from different geographical origins. V.OBJECTIVES This study aims to provide a way to estimate the volume of the thyroid remnant and determine its relationship with the outcome of radioiodine (RAI) therapy in depth. MATERIALS AND METHODS A retrospective analysis was performed on patients who underwent initial RAI therapy between January 2010 and January 2016. The patients were divided into five groups based on the thyroid remnant estimated by post-therapy whole-body scan(post-Rx WBS), thyroid scintigraphy and ultrasonography. The relationship between the volume of thyroid remnant and the outcome of RAI therapy were evaluated by univariate analysis and multivariate analysis. RESULTS Of 703 patients, the majority could be found different size of thyroid remnants using the three imaging methods, and only few patients(2.1%) could reach no thyroid remnant. There was no association between the volume of thyroid remnant and the outcome of RAI therapy in univariate analysis (χ2 = 1.633, P = 0.652) and multivariate analysis (P > 0.05). In the subgroup of patients with high-risk factors, there was still no significant difference (intermediate risk subgroup P = 0.338 vs high risk subgroup P = 0.263). CONCLUSION Different sizes of thyroid remnants were left after surgery. However, in high radioiodine activity, the volume of thyroid remnants may not affect the outcome of RAI therapy even in patients with some high-risk factors, so the high radioiodine activities may resolve the the problem caused by thyroid remnants in some cases. OBJECTIVES Given the recent treatment deintensification clinical trials for Human Papillomavirus (HPV)-associated oropharyngeal cancer, College of American Pathologists recommendation for HPV-testing of all oropharyngeal cancers and treatment disparities in head and neck cancer, determining factors related to HPV testing are exceedingly pertinent. MATERIALS AND METHODS We used the National Cancer Data Base, accounting for 70% of new cancer diagnoses. To reduce the heterogeneity due to the recent recommendation of HPV-testing, we used squamous cell oropharyngeal cancer patients from 2013 to 2015. We only used patients that have either reported HPV testing and non-testing (30.5% of the sample). We used a chi-square test to compare the factors among tested and untested patients and calculated the prevalence ratio for not tested to those tested with Poisson regression. As a sensitivity analysis, we used a fully Conditional Specification implemented by the MICE algorithm to impute missing variables. RESULTS Of the 24,241 oropharyngeal cancer patients with HPV testing data, 12% were not been tested for HPV. Across the study period, integrated network and low-volume hospitals had the lowest proportion of HPV testing from 2013 to 2015. In a multivariable analysis, compared to patients with private insurance, Medicaid (PR 1.82; 95% Confidence Interval (CI) 1.63-2.02) and uninsured (PR 1.75; 95% CI 1.52-2.01) patients were more likely not to be tested for HPV. We saw similar results in the imputed dataset, in which 12.5% of patients were not tested. CONCLUSIONS This heterogeneity in testing is significant, given potential de-intensification of treatment for HPV-positive cancer. Future research should examine interventions in non-academic low-volume to ensure equitable treatment for all. OBJECTIVE To compare the difference in electrode impedance across discrete time points to 24 months post-activation for two groups of adult cochlear implant recipients, one using an investigational perimodiolar (Contour Advance®) array augmented with 40% concentration weight per weight (w/w) dexamethasone (the Drug Eluting Electrode, 'DEE' Group), and the other the commercially available Contour Advance ('Control' Group). DESIGN Ten adult subjects were implanted with the DEE and fourteen with the Control. Electrode impedances were measured intra-operatively, one-week post-surgery, at initial activation (approximately two-weeks post-surgery), and at approximately one, three, six, 12 and 24 months post-activation. Two different impedance measurements were obtained 1) in MP1+2 mode using Custom Sound programming software; and 2) 4-point impedance measures utilising BP+2 stimulation mode with recording on non-stimulating electrodes. Data were analysed with respect to both impedance averaged across all electrodes, suggest that passive elution of dexamethasone from the investigational device was associated with a change in the intracochlear environment following surgical implantation of the electrode array, as evidenced by the lower electrode impedance measures.