Bucknerklemmensen5095

Beth Levine was a remarkable scientist who launched the burgeoning field of autophagy. The biological process of autophagy was beginning to gain attention through new genetic studies in yeast when Beth Levine's transformative work on the genetics of autophagy in mammals made a major splash. Beth was also an extraordinary woman with an extraordinary persona. Here, several of her women trainees, colleagues, and mentors came together to share both sides of Beth Levine the pioneer in science and the private person who exuded love of family and friends as intensely as her love of science.A challenge in the synthesis of single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) is the lack of control over the formation and evolution of catalyst nanoparticles and the lack of control over their size or chirality. Here, zeolite MFI nanosheets (MFI-Ns) are used to keep cobalt (Co) nanoparticles stable during prolonged annealing conditions. Environmental transmission electron microscopy (ETEM) shows that the MFI-Ns can influence the size and shape of nanoparticles via particle/support registry, which leads to the preferential docking of nanoparticles to four or fewer pores and to the regulation of the SWCNT synthesis products. The resulting SWCNT population exhibits a narrow diameter distribution and SWCNTs of nearly all chiral angles, including sub-nm zigzag (ZZ) and near-ZZ tubes. Theoretical simulations reveal that the growth of these unfavorable tubes from unsupported catalysts leads to the rapid encapsulation of catalyst nanoparticles bearing them; their presence in the growth products suggests that the MFI-Ns prevent nanoparticle encapsulation and prologue ZZ and near-ZZ SWCNT growth. These results thus present a path forward for controlling nanoparticle formation and evolution, for achieving size- and shape-selectivity at high temperature, and for controlling SWCNT synthesis.Surface-induced thrombosis is problematic in blood-contacting devices composed of silicones or polyurethanes (PUs). Poly(ethylene oxide)-silane amphiphiles (PEO-SA) are previously shown effective as surface modifying additives (SMAs) in silicones for enhanced thromboresistance. This study investigates PEO-SAs as SMAs in a PU at various concentrations 5, 10, 25, 50, and 100 µmol g-1 PU. PEO-SA modified PUs are evaluated for their mechanical properties, water-driven surface restructuring, and adhesion resistance against a human fibrinogen (HF) solution as well as whole human blood. Stability is assessed by monitoring hydrophilicity, water uptake, and mass loss following air- or aqueous-conditioning. PEO-SA modified PUs do not demonstrate plasticization, as evidenced by minimal changes in glass transition temperature, modulus, tensile strength, and percent strain at break. These also show a concentration-dependent increase in hydrophilicity that is sustained following air- and aqueous-conditioning for concentrations ≥25 µmol g-1 . Additionally, water uptake and mass loss are minimal at all concentrations. Although protein resistance is not enhanced versus an HF solution, PEO-SA modified PUs have significantly reduced protein adsorption and platelet adhesion from human blood at concentrations ≥10 µmol g-1 . Overall, this study demonstrates the versatility of PEO-SAs as SMAs in PU, which leads to enhanced and sustained hydrophilicity as well as thromboresistance.Metal-metal batteries such as the 3 V Cu-Al system are highly desirable for large-scale energy storage owing to their low cost and excellent scalability of Cu and Al foils. However, the dissolved Cu cations will crossover from the cathode to the anode leading to poor electrochemical performance. In this work, it is demonstrated that the reversibility of the Cu-Al battery depends strongly on the interaction of the Cu ions with the electrolyte solvent and subsequently the affinity of the solvated Cu ion with the membrane separator. Specifically, a series of common carbonate-based electrolyte solvents are investigated via molecular dynamics and contact angle measurements to understand the interaction between the solvents and a polypropylene (PP) membrane, as well as that between cations and solvent. Among different solvents, fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) is shown to drastically enhance the coulombic efficiency to 97%, compared to that of 27% with dimethyl carbonate. Remarkable cyclability of a 3 V Cu-Al battery with 3 m LiTFSI FEC and PP membrane up to 1000 cycles is further demonstrated. This finding opens new opportunities for the development of low-cost, high performance Cu-Al systems for stationary applications.Repeated squat-stand maneuvers (SSM) are an effective way of measuring dynamic cerebral autoregulation (dCA), but the depth of SSM required to improve dCA estimations has never been studied. We compared beat-to-beat cerebral hemodynamic parameters between maximal depth SSM (SSMD ) and a shallower alternative (SSMS ) in two age groups (younger [20-34 years] vs. older [50-71 years]) at a frequency of 0.05 Hz. Cerebral blood flow velocity, continuous blood pressure (BP) and end-tidal CO2 (EtCO2 ) were measured using transcranial Doppler ultrasound, the Finometer device, and capnography, respectively. Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate concentration Coherence (at 0.05 Hz) was significantly higher in both SSM recordings compared to spontaneous BP oscillations at baseline standing (BS ). Median (IQR) autoregulation index (ARI) was reduced during SSMD (4.46 [4.03-5.22], p less then .01) compared to SSMS (5.96 [5.40-6.69]) and BS (6.03 [5.20-6.49], p less then .01) with similar relative differences also observed for phase (at 0.05 Hz). End-tidal CO2 was increased in SSMD (38.3 ± 3.7 mmHg, p less then .01) compared to both SSMS (36.6 ± 3.6 mmHg) and BS (35.5 ± 3.2 mmHg). The older group demonstrated significantly lower ARI and phase estimates during SSM and found SSMS more effortful than SSMD . In conclusion, both SSMD and SSMS are effective at estimating dCA, and dCA appears to be less efficient during maximal depth SSM compared to baseline rest or a shallower alternative.Combined photochemical arylation, "nuisance effect" (SN Ar) reaction sequences have been employed in the design of small arrays for immediate deployment in medium-throughput X-ray protein-ligand structure determination. Reactions were deliberately allowed to run "out of control" in terms of selectivity; for example the ortho-arylation of 2-phenylpyridine gave five products resulting from mono- and bisarylations combined with SN Ar processes. As a result, a number of crystallographic hits against NUDT7, a key peroxisomal CoA ester hydrolase, have been identified.