Christiecleveland1480
This essay reviews evidence for the current and potential effects of climate change on mental health.
A growing body of research demonstrates not only that the extreme weather events associated with a changing climate can impair mental health, in particular leading to increases in depression and post-traumatic stress disorder, but also that more gradual changes in climatic conditions, such as rising temperatures and reduced air quality, are also harmful to mental health. In addition, there is increasing evidence that a significant proportion of people might be experiencing a harmful level of anxiety associated with their perception of climate change. Mental health impacts of climate change have the potential to affect a significant proportion of the population. More research is needed to document the extent of these impacts as well as the best options for mitigating and treating them.
A growing body of research demonstrates not only that the extreme weather events associated with a changing climate can impair mental health, in particular leading to increases in depression and post-traumatic stress disorder, but also that more gradual changes in climatic conditions, such as rising temperatures and reduced air quality, are also harmful to mental health. In addition, there is increasing evidence that a significant proportion of people might be experiencing a harmful level of anxiety associated with their perception of climate change. Mental health impacts of climate change have the potential to affect a significant proportion of the population. More research is needed to document the extent of these impacts as well as the best options for mitigating and treating them.
To evaluate the clinical and radiological outcome of Hypomineralised Second Primary Molars (HSPM) treated with Preformed Metal Crowns (PMC) using the Hall Technique (HT).
This prospective cohort study included healthy children presenting at the pediatric dental clinic of the University Hospitals Leuven (Belgium) with at least one primary molar affected by HSPM. The clinical and radiological situation at baseline and after a follow-up of 1year was registered in detail using standardized criteria. After plaque removal and gentle drying, PMCs (3M™ ESPE™ Stainless Steel Crowns) were fitted without administration of local anaesthesia nor tooth preparation. Antineoplastic and Immunosuppressive Antibiotics inhibitor Strict outcome criteria, including gingival health condition, were applied. Informed consent was obtained for all individual participants. The study was approved by the institutional Ethics Committee.
A total of 39 PMCs with a follow-up of 12months, placed in 15 patients (7 boys and 8 girls), were included. The mean age of the patients at the time of fitting the PMC was 4.6 ± 1.1years (range 3-7). None of the PMCs was lost nor failed. Clinical outcome was considered fully successful in 64.1%, radiological outcome in 93.3% of the cases; all other cases were rated as acceptable. The main reason for not being categorized as fully successful was deterioration of the gingival condition. Overall, the treatment was well tolerated and accepted by the patients.
PMCs fitted using the HT represent an acceptable and well-tolerated treatment option for the management of HSPM. Gingival condition should be incorporated in outcome assessment.
PMCs fitted using the HT represent an acceptable and well-tolerated treatment option for the management of HSPM. Gingival condition should be incorporated in outcome assessment.
Pain is considered a stressful experience, related to real or possible tissue damage with emotional, sensory, social and cognitive components. The aim of the study was to evaluate and compare, using a digital algometer, the pressure pain threshold of temporal and masseter muscles of children and adolescents with and without intellectual disability.
A cross-sectional study was conducted. Data regarding gender and age were collected from the caregiver of children and adolescents with and without intellectual disability. The evaluations followed this sequence pressure pain threshold of the masseter and temporal muscles, evaluation of pain on touch using the visual analog scale and signs and symptoms of Temporomandibular disorder. The χ
test, the Kolgomorov-Smirnov test, Student t test and Mann-Whitney test were performed. The significance level was set at 5%.
Two homogeneous groups by gender (P = 0.258) and age (P = 0.727) were evaluated, of which 25 children and adolescents presented intellectual disabierations in pain perception when evaluated with computerized pressure algometer and visual analog scale. They present similar threshold of pain to pressure as those reported by normative children and adolescents. These results emphasize the importance to treat these children and adolescents with intellectual disability with respect to their pain threshold.Consumption of arsenic-contaminated drinking water has become major global health concern. One of the major mechanism responsible for the toxicity of arsenicals is the generation of oxidative stress. Zinc, a nutritional antioxidant, plays key role in maintaining various cellular pathways. The present study was aimed at elucidating the effects of zinc supplementation on hepatic and renal tissue damage caused by arsenic exposure to rats. Rats were randomly divided into four experimental groups control; As administered; Zn supplemented; combined zinc; and arsenic supplemented. Arsenic exposure resulted in significantly elevated accumulation of arsenic in the liver and kidney tissue. In the liver, exposure to arsenic reduced the levels of reduced glutathione (GSH), total glutathione (TG), redox ratio, and the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), whereas lipid peroxidation (LPO), inflammation markers, and nitric oxide (NO) levels were elevated with no significant change in catalase (CAT) activity. Arsenic exposure also enhanced the serum levels of liver functional indices and histological abnormalities in liver sections. In the kidney, a significant increase in NO levels and decrease in SOD activity was observed, with no significant changes in the rest of the parameters. The administration of zinc- to arsenic-intoxicated animals significantly improved their hepatic function parameters, arsenic burden, and histological changes which were associated with the restoration of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant defense system as compared to their intoxicated counterparts. In the kidney also, the NO levels and SOD activity were restored. This data reveals that zinc is effective in ameliorating the toxic effects inflicted by chronic arsenic toxicity.