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Periodontal disease is an immunoinflammatory disease characterized by loss of clinical attachment with subsequent tooth loss. It includes periodontitis and gingivitis. The studies regarding the prevalence of periodontitis among the tribal populations are scarce. The periodontal health status of the tribal population of Attapady has not been reported so far.
The present study was conducted to assess the prevalence of periodontitis and its association with oral hygiene habits, tobacco usage, and oral health beliefs among tribal population of Attapady.
This population-based cross-sectional survey of periodontal disease consisting of 360 individuals was conducted among the tribal population of three different panchayats of Attapady. A multistage stratified random sampling was used in the selection of hamlets and cluster sampling for selection of study participants. The sociodemographic characteristics, oral hygiene habits, tobacco usage, and oral health beliefs were assessed using a questionnaire, and cliniable oral health belief, bad oral hygiene habits, and detrimental habits like tobacco use were the modifiable risk factors identified in this group.
This randomized single-blinded clinical trial aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of diode laser and fluoride in the treatment of dentin hypersensitivity (DH) due to gingival recession.
Twenty-eight individuals randomly distributed across three groups participated 10 individuals who were treated with diode laser, nine who were treated with fluoride, and nine who received placebo. Pain was assessed with the Visual analog scale (VAS). Evaporative stimulus and tactile stimulus were evaluated with the verbal rating scale (VRS). VAS was applied shortly after, 6 h after, 12 h after, and 24 h after the single-session treatment for DH, whereas VRS was applied shortly after, 15 min and 7 days after the treatment. Participants' quality of life was assessed with the validated Brazilian version of the Dentine Hypersensitivity Experience Questionnaire assessing functional limitations, coping behaviors, emotional, and social impacts caused by DH. Descriptive statistics and the ANOVA test were used. Values of
< 0.05 were statistically significant.
Diode laser significantly reduced the DH to the evaporative stimulus (
= 0.002). The application of fluoride did not change the degree of DH to evaporative and tactile stimuli (
> 0.05). The group of individuals who were treated with diode laser presented a higher reduction in DH (25.4%) when compared to the group of individuals treated with fluoride (17.1%), and the group of individuals among whom placebo had been used (2.9%). Descriptive analysis indicated that the items measuring the emotional and social impacts of DH were those with a more negative impact on the individuals.
Therapy with diode laser was more effective in reducing DH than therapy with fluoride.
Therapy with diode laser was more effective in reducing DH than therapy with fluoride.
Several studies have recommended the use of lasers in treatment of dentinal hypersensitivity. MST-312 mw These materials have been used alone or in combination with an active desensitizing agent.
The present study aimed to evaluate the use of 1.23% acidulated phosphate fluoride (APF) gel and 810 nm diode laser when used alone and when used together on exposed dentinal tubules.
Sixty-one extracted teeth were sectioned with a diamond saw and dentin slices were prepared. They were then treated with 37% orthophosphoric acid to remove the smear layer.
One of the 61 sections was left as an untreated control, whereas the remaining sixty sections were divided into three groups of twenty sections each. The first set of sections (Group 1) was treated with laser alone, whereas the second set (Group 2) was treated with APF alone. A third set of sections (Group 3) was treated with a combination of laser and APF. The sectioned teeth were then evaluated using field emission scanning electron microscopy, and the percentage of diode lasers were effective in occluding dentinal tubules. The addition of 1.23% APF significantly increased the efficacy and thoroughness of dentinal tubule occlusion. Significantly lesser levels of dentinal tubule occlusion were seen in the sections treated with laser alone and APF alone.
Nanoparticles, owing to their smaller size, penetrate regions inaccessible to other delivery systems, such as periodontal pockets. Thus, the present study aimed to comparatively evaluate efficacy of 2% curcumin with nanocarrier and 1% chlorhexidine gel as a local drug delivery (LDD) in the treatment of periodontal pockets.
Forty-five chronic periodontitis patients with pocket depth 5-7 mm in two or more teeth were selected. Full-mouth scaling and root planing (SRP) was done for all patients followed by random allocation to the three treatment groups, namely SRP group (Group 1), 2% curcumin with nanogel (Group 2), and 1% chlorhexidine gel (Group 3). Clinical parameter assessment and microbiological analysis of subgingival plaque samples for
(Aa),
(Pg), and
(Tf) was done at baseline, 21
day, and 45
day.
The results showed that when the two LDD agents were used as an adjunct to SRP in chronic periodontitis, there was an improvement in all clinical parameters. Evaluation of microbiological parameters also showed a significant reduction in Aa, Pg, and Tf levels. Comparison of 2% turmeric extract with a nanocarrier system with 1% chlorhexidine gel showed that both the agents had a comparable antibacterial effect on the three selected periodontopathic bacteria.
The present study showed that both the LDD agents showed an effective improvement of clinical and microbiologic parameters. 2% curcumin delivered with a nanocarrier system showed results comparable to chlorhexidine gel and hence shows promising future as an LDD agent in the treatment of periodontal pockets.
The present study showed that both the LDD agents showed an effective improvement of clinical and microbiologic parameters. 2% curcumin delivered with a nanocarrier system showed results comparable to chlorhexidine gel and hence shows promising future as an LDD agent in the treatment of periodontal pockets.