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The use of a NCS dressing demonstrated improved efficacy and cost effectiveness of labour required for chronic wound management; highlighting the importance of choosing an effective antimicrobial dressing as part of an infection management protocol.

To identify predictors of renal function preservation, and to compare the global and split renal function outcomes of robot-assisted partial nephrectomy and laparoscopic partial nephrectomy.

Demographic, operative and pathological data, as well as renal function outcomes, of 251 patients who underwent laparoscopic (n=104) and robot-assisted (n=147) partial nephrectomy between 2008 and 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. Propensity score matching (11) was carried out to adjust for potential baseline confounders. Functional outcomes were assessed based on the estimated glomerular filtration rate and dynamic renal scintigraphy (using

Tc-mercaptoacetyltriglycine), including renal volumetric analysis.

A total of 98 patients were allocated to each partial nephrectomy group. Ischemic (laparoscopic vs robot-assisted partial nephrectomy 29 vs 15min, P<0.001) and operative times (181 vs 100min, P<0.001) were shorter in robot-assisted partial nephrectomy. The preservation ratio of global renal function atreasing the parenchymal preservation ratio. This translates into better postoperative global renal function.Plant electrophysiology lays the foundation for smart plant interrogation and intervention. However, plant trichomes with hair-like morphologies present topographical features that challenge stable and high-fidelity non-invasive electrophysiology, due to the inadequate dynamic shape adaptability of conventional electrodes. Here, this issue is overcome using a morphable ionic electrode based on a thermogel, which gradually transforms from a viscous liquid to a viscoelastic gel. This transformation enables the morphable electrode to lock into the abrupt hairy surface irregularities and establish a conformal and adhesive interface. It achieves down to one tenth of the impedance and 4-5 times the adhesive strengths of conventional hydrogel electrodes on hairy leaves. As a result of the improved electrical and mechanical robustness, the morphable electrode can record more than one order of magnitude higher signal-to-noise ratio on hairy plants and maintains high-fidelity recording despite plant movements, achieving superior performance to conventional hydrogel electrodes. The reported morphable electrode is a promising tool for hairy plant electrophysiology and may be applied to diversely textured plants for advanced sensing and modulation.

The purpose of this study is to describe human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER2) overexpression in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and re-evaluate its potential as a target for HER2-directed immunotherapies.

A retrospective cohort of patients with HNSCC receiving curative treatment was identified, and HER2 expression evaluated in archival tissue by immunohistochemistry and correlated with clinicopathological characteristics. HER2 expression data were also determined for HNSCC patients in The Cancer Genome Atlas.

Nineteen percent of HNSCC and 39% of oropharyngeal HNSCC (OPSCC) were HER2 positive. HER2 expression positively correlated with nodal metastasis (p=0.035). Patients with HER2-positive tumors had decreased overall survival (p=0.012), including within the human papilloma virus-positive OPSCC subgroup (p=0.007).

A substantial fraction of HNSCC overexpresses HER2 protein, suggesting it may be a suitable target for antigen-directed immunotherapy. HER2 expression and its correlation with survival vary across HNSCC subsites, making it unsuitable as a prognostic marker.

A substantial fraction of HNSCC overexpresses HER2 protein, suggesting it may be a suitable target for antigen-directed immunotherapy. HER2 expression and its correlation with survival vary across HNSCC subsites, making it unsuitable as a prognostic marker.

To report the clinical characteristics of the largest single centre cohort of patients with eosinophilic sialodochitis.

Analysis of data relating to 37 patients seen in a dedicated multidisciplinary clinic was performed. read more Demographic, clinical, haematological, cytological, histological and radiological features were collated. Response to trials of allergy treatment was assessed.

Thirty-seven patients (30 female, seven male) were identified, 42% of whom were of Afro-Caribbean origin, with a mean age of 50.4years (range 28-80years). Mean symptom duration at presentation was 10years (range 2-33years). Parotid and submandibular gland involvement was equally reported. The most commonly reported symptoms were swelling (97%), itching of the overlying skin (92%), salivary gland discomfort (84%) and "string-like" mucus discharge from salivary duct orifices (76%). Twenty-three patients (62%) demonstrated atopic disease and serum IgE level elevated in 57%. All 37 patients had eosinophils present in aspirated duct contents samples while raised peripheral eosinophil count was seen in 41%. Anecdotal symptom improvement was reported with antihistamine, antileukotriene or steroid treatment.

Eosinophilic sialodochitis should be considered in any patient presenting with recurrent salivary gland swelling. Further studies are needed to evaluate treatments directed at a likely allergic pathogenesis.

Eosinophilic sialodochitis should be considered in any patient presenting with recurrent salivary gland swelling. Further studies are needed to evaluate treatments directed at a likely allergic pathogenesis.

Existing methods for the measurement of the

N/

N isotopic composition of ammonium and nitrate are either only suitable for labelled samples or require considerable sample preparation efforts (or both). Our goal was to modify an existing analytical approach to allow for natural abundance precision levels.

Published reaction protocols were used to convert ammonium into N

by NaOBr and nitrate into N

O by TiCl

. A membrane inlet system was developed and coupled to an isotope ratio mass spectrometer to allow precise determination of the analytes.

Concentrations of ≥35 μmol/L N for both ammonium or nitrate could be analysed for δ

N values with precisions of better than 0.9 mUr. While ammonium analyses exhibited a small concentration dependency and an offset of 2.7 mUr at high ammonium concentrations irrespective of the standard isotopic composition, nitrate analysis showed no offset but a blank contribution visible at very low concentrations.

The presented method is capable of fast measurement of δ

N values in ammonium and nitrate from aqueous samples with reasonable accuracy at natural abundance levels.