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8 (1.2); p=0.01), Movement Disorder Society Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale total (mean (SD) 19.2 (12.7) vs 6.1 (5.7); p&lt;0.001), REM-sleep behaviour disorder screening questionnaire (mean (SD) 4.3 (3.2) vs 2.1 (2.1); p=0.001), Lille Apathy Rating Scale (mean (SD) -23.3 (9.6) vs -27.0 (4.7); p=0.04) and the Scales for Outcomes in PD-Autonomic (mean (SD) 14.9 (8.7) vs 7.7 (4.9); p&lt;0.001). Twenty-four per cent of patients with LOD versus 4% HC had an abnormal <br /><br /> I-ioflupane SPECT scan (p=0.04).<br /><br /> LOD is associated with increased rates of motor and non-motor features of PD/DLB and of abnormal <br /><br /> I-ioflupane SPECTs. These results suggest that patients with LOD should be considered at increased risk of PD/DLB.<br /><br />LOD is associated with increased rates of motor and non-motor features of PD/DLB and of abnormal 123I-ioflupane SPECTs. These results suggest that patients with LOD should be considered at increased risk of PD/DLB.<br /><br /> To understand human factors (HF) contributing to disturbances during invasive cardiac procedures, including frequency and nature of distractions, and assessment of operator workload.<br /><br /> Single centre prospective observational evaluation of 194 cardiac procedures in three adult cardiac catheterisation laboratories over 6 weeks. A proforma including frequency, nature, magnitude and level of procedural risk at the time of each distraction/interruption was completed for each case. The primary operator completed a National Aeronautical and Space Administration (NASA) task load questionnaire rating mental/physical effort, level of frustration, time-urgency, and overall effort and performance.<br /><br /> 264 distractions occurred in 106 (55%) out of 194 procedures observed; 80% were not relevant to the case being undertaken; 14% were urgent including discussions of potential ST-elevation myocardial infarction requiring emergency angioplasty. In procedures where distractions were observed, frequency per case ranged from 1 tooduction of a 'sterile cockpit' environment within catheter laboratories, as adapted from aviation and used in surgical operating theatres, to minimise non-emergent interruptions and disturbances, to improve operator conditions and overall patient safety.<br /><br /> Extrauterine growth restriction (EUGR) among very preterm infants is related to poor neurodevelopment, but lack of consensus on EUGR measurement constrains international research. Our aim was to compare EUGR prevalence in a European very preterm cohort using commonly used measures.<br /><br /> Population-based observational study.<br /><br /> 19 regions in 11 European countries.<br /><br /> 6792 very preterm infants born before 32 weeks' gestational age (GA) surviving to discharge.<br /><br /> We investigated two measures based on discharge-weight percentiles with (1) Fenton and (2) Intergrowth (IG) charts and two based on growth velocity (1) birth weight and discharge-weight Z-score differences using Fenton charts and (2) weight-gain velocity using Patel's model. We estimated country-level relative risks of EUGR adjusting for maternal and neonatal characteristics and associations with population differences in healthy newborn size, measured by mean national birth weight at 40 weeks' GA.<br /><br /> About twofold differences in EUGR prevalence were observed between countries for all indicators and these persisted after case-mix adjustment. Discharge weight &lt;10th percentile using Fenton charts varied from 24% (Sweden) to 60% (Portugal) and using IG from 13% (Sweden) to 43% (Portugal), while low weight-gain velocity ranged from 35% (Germany) to 62% (UK). Mean term birth weight strongly correlated with both percentile-based measures (Spearman's rho=-0.90 Fenton, -0.84 IG, p&lt;0.01), but not Patel's weight-gain velocity (rho -0.38, p=0.25).<br /><br /> Very preterm infants have a high prevalence of EUGR, with wide variations between countries in Europe. Variability associated with mean term birth weight when using common postnatal growth charts complicates international benchmarking.<br /><br />Very preterm infants have a high prevalence of EUGR, with wide variations between countries in Europe. Variability associated with mean term birth weight when using common postnatal growth charts complicates international benchmarking.<br /><br /> Since previous studies have only used past or current medical history of disease, there is no information on newly diagnosed disease in relation to job loss. Our objective was therefore to investigate whether newly diagnosed chronic disease increased job loss among middle-aged Japanese.<br /><br /> We analysed data on 31 403 Japanese workers aged 50-59 years from a nationally representative longitudinal study. We defined two types of job loss; later job loss (within 1 year of disease diagnosis) and concurrent/later job loss (at around the time of diagnosis and within 1 year of diagnosis). Generalised estimating equation models were used to calculate ORs for job loss among current workers after a new-diagnosis of chronic disease (diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidaemia, heart disease, stroke and cancer), using a discrete-time design and adjusting for demographic, socioeconomic and health behavioural factors. [https://www.selleckchem.com/products/b02.html B02 ic50] We used inverse probability weighting to account for non-response at follow-up.<br /><br /> ORs for concurrent/later job ent support for patients with chronic disease.<br /><br /> To examine the association between sleep quality and military training injury (MTI) in recruits during basic combat training (BCT).<br /><br /> Participants were new recruits undergoing 12-week military BCT in China. Sleep quality was measured by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) . Participants were classified into two groups based on their sleep quality (group 1, good sleep, PSQI score &lt;7; group 2, poor sleep, PSQI score ≥7) at the start of BCT. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to test whether baseline PSQI score was associated with MTI incidence during BCT.<br /><br /> A total of 563 participants were included. The incidence of MTI was significantly lower in group 1 (48/203, 23.6%) than in group 2 (150/360, 41.7%) (p&lt;0.001). Logistic regression analysis showed that the odds of MTI were 2.307 times higher in group 2 than in group 1 without adjusting for confounders OR=2.307, p&lt;0.001. When the model was adjusted for age, ethnicity, educational level and family income (OR=2.285) or for the previous confounders plus body mass index (OR=2.