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8 ± 4.6) and biphasic MPM (9.3 ± 7.0), rather than in epithelioid MPM (6.9 ± 3.8, P  less then  0.001). [https://www.selleckchem.com/products/Cediranib.html learn more] Concerning overall survival, SUVmax (both as continuous and as categorical variable) was found to be a prognostic factor, in addition to stage (P = 0.032) and histology (P = 0.014) as confirmed by multivariable analysis (hazard ratio 2.65, confidence interval 1.23-5.70; P  less then  0.001). In the light of such results, we highlight that a low fluorodeoxyglucose uptake might be observed in more than 10% MPMs, especially in early-stage tumours affecting elderly patients. Furthermore, high SUVmax values significantly correlated with a worse prognosis. © The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery. All rights reserved.AIMS To investigate the prevalence of electromagnetic interference (EMI) between left ventricular assist devices (LVADs) and implantable cardioverter-defibrillators (ICDs)/pacemakers (PMs). METHODS AND RESULTS A retrospective single-centre study was conducted, including all patients undergoing HeartMate II (HMII) and HeartMate 3 (HM3) LVAD implantation (n = 106). Electromagnetic interference was determined by the inability to interrogate the ICD/PM. Overall, 85 (mean age 59 ± 8, 79% male) patients had an ICD/PM at the time of LVAD implantation; 46 patients with HMII and 40 patients with HM3. Among the 85 LVAD patients with an ICD's/PM's, 11 patients (13%) experienced EMI; 6 patients (15%) with an HMII and 5 patients (11%) with an HM3 (P = 0.59). Electromagnetic interference from the HMII LVADs was only present in patients with a St Jude/Abbott device; 6 of the 23 St Jude/Abbott devices. However, in the HM3 patients, EMI was mainly present in patients with Biotronik devices 4 of the 18 with only one (1/25) patient with a Medtronic device. While initial interrogation of these devices was not successful, none of the 11 cases experienced pacing inhibition or inappropriate shocks. CONCLUSION In summary, the prevalence of EMI between ICDs in the older and newer type of LVAD's remains rather high. While HMII patients experienced EMI with a St Jude/Abbott device (which was already known), HM3 LVAD patients experience EMI mainly with Biotronik devices. Prospective follow-up, preferably in large registries, is warranted to investigate the overall prevalence and impact of EMI in LVAD patients. © The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Cardiology.OBJECTIVE To compare and predict kinesiophobia and fear avoidance beliefs between athletes with gastrocnemius myofascial pain syndrome (MPS) and healthy athletes. DESIGN Case-control. SETTING Outpatient clinic. SUBJECTS Fifty athletes were divided into athletes with chronic gastrocnemius MPS (N = 25) and healthy athletes (N = 25). METHODS Kinesiophobia symptoms total and domain scores (harm and activity avoidance) and levels were determined by the Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia (TSK-11). Fear avoidance beliefs total and domain scores (physical and working activities) were measured by the Fear Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire (FABQ). RESULTS Significant differences (P less then 0.05) with a large effect size (d = 0.81-4.22) were found between both groups, with greater kinesiophobia symptom scores for the TSK-11 activity avoidance domain and total scores, and greater fear avoidance beliefs scores for the FABQ physical and working activities domains and total scores of athletes with gastrocnemius MPS with respect to healthy athletes. TSK-11 total score showed a prediction model (R2 = 0.256) based on the FABQ total score. The FABQ total score showed a prediction model (R2 = 0.741) based on gastrocnemius MPS presence (R2 = 0.665), levels of kinesiophobia (R2 = 0.052), and height (R2 = 0.025). CONCLUSIONS Greater kinesiophobia levels, greater total and activity avoidance domain scores (but not for the harm domain), and greater fear avoidance beliefs total and domain scores (work and physical activity) were shown for athletes with gastrocnemius MPS vs healthy athletes. Higher kinesiophobia symptoms were predicted by greater fear avoidance beliefs in athletes. Greater fear avoidance beliefs were predicted by the presence of gastrocnemius MPS, higher levels of kinesiophobia, and lower height in athletes. © 2020 American Academy of Pain Medicine. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail journals.permissions@oup.com.BACKGROUND We reported T-cell senescence to be similar in people living with HIV (PWH) with suppressed viremia (predominantly men who have sex with men (MSM)) and HIV-negative otherwise comparable controls, but greater than in healthy blood donors. This lead us to compare CD4+ and CD8+ T-cell counts and CD4+/CD8+ ratios between HIV-negative MSM and men who only have sex with women (MSW), and relate observed differences to behavioral factors and infectious exposures, including cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection. METHODS In 368 HIV-negative MSM and 72 HIV-negative MSW T-lymphocyte phenotyping was performed 3 times biennially. Baseline CMV serology, and STI-incidence/-seroprevalence, sexual and substance-use behavior data were collected during study visits. RESULTS MSM, compared to MSW, had higher CD8+ counts (551 vs. 437 cells/mm3, P10 recent sex partners, and partly explained by higher CMV seroprevalence in MSM. DISCUSSION These findings suggest that factors other than HIV may, both in PWH and certain HIV-negative MSM, contribute to a low CD4+/CD8+ ratio. Whether this, like in PWH, contributes to comorbidity risk in HIV-negative MSM requires further study. © The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press for the Infectious Diseases Society of America.OBJECTIVES To examine whether educational attainment and intelligence have causal effects on risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD), independently of each other. DESIGN Two-sample univariable and multivariable Mendelian randomization (MR) to estimate the causal effects of education on intelligence and vice versa, and the total and independent causal effects of both education and intelligence on AD risk. PARTICIPANTS 17&nbsp;008 AD cases and 37&nbsp;154 controls from the International Genomics of Alzheimer's Project (IGAP) consortium. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Odds ratio (OR) of AD per standardized deviation increase in years of schooling (SD = 3.6 years) and intelligence (SD = 15 points on intelligence test). RESULTS There was strong evidence of a causal, bidirectional relationship between intelligence and educational attainment, with the magnitude of effect being similar in both directions [OR for intelligence on education = 0.51 SD units, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.49, 0.54; OR for education on intelligence = 0.57 SD units, 95% CI 0.