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Jigsaw is a primary care youth mental health service designed to increase access to and utilisation of mental health supports for 12- to 25-year-olds. Effectiveness in community youth mental health services is typically assessed using standardised instruments. The aim of this study was to examine the effectiveness of Jigsaw's brief intervention model of support using an idiographic tool, the goal-based outcome (GBO) measure. The study also aimed to explore the type of goals set by young people engaging with this service.

The study sample consisted of a secondary dataset of 4839 young people aged 12-25years (63.5% female, 36.5% male) who engaged with one of Jigsaw's 13 brief intervention services. Selleckchem Epinephrine bitartrate Overall, 7366 goals set using the GBO were examined. Inductive thematic analysis was conducted to examine the type of goals set by young people, and inferential analyses were used to examine statistical and reliable changes in goal progress.

The goals young people set focused on developing coping mechanisms and personal growth and managing interpersonal difficulties. Mean scores for progress towards goals improved significantly from pre- to postintervention. The reliable change index (RCI) indicated that change greater than 2.82 points represents reliable change on the GBO, with 78.6% of young people showing reliable improvement. Demographic characteristics did not impact goal progress.

These findings suggest Jigsaw's brief intervention model of support is effective in assisting young people reach their goals and that the GBO is a suitable measure for young people attending a community-based youth mental health service.

These findings suggest Jigsaw's brief intervention model of support is effective in assisting young people reach their goals and that the GBO is a suitable measure for young people attending a community-based youth mental health service.

To determine the prevalence of medication-related hospitalisations preceded by potentially suboptimal processes of care in aged care residents.

We conducted a retrospective analysis of administrative claims data from the Australian Government Department of Veterans' Affairs (DVA). We identified all hospital admissions for aged care residents between 1 July 2014 and 30 June 2019. The proportion of hospital admissions preceded by potentially suboptimal medication-related processes of care was determined.

A total of 18874 hospitalisations were included, and 46% were preceded by potentially suboptimal medication-related care. One-quarter of fracture admissions occurred in residents at risk of fracture who were not using a medicine to prevent fracture, and 87% occurred in residents using falls-risk medicines. Thirty per cent of heart failure admissions occurred in patients who were not using an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor or angiotensin receptor blocker.

Nearly half of hospital admissions were preceded by potentially suboptimal medication-related processes of care. Interventions to improve use of medicines for aged care residents in these areas are warranted.

Nearly half of hospital admissions were preceded by potentially suboptimal medication-related processes of care. Interventions to improve use of medicines for aged care residents in these areas are warranted.Mucormycosis is a rare fungal infection that typically affects severely immunocompromised individuals, often resulting in significant morbidity and mortality. Although early and aggressive intervention is necessary to prevent poor outcomes, diagnosis of this infection remains difficult. We report the first case, to our knowledge, of invasive gastrointestinal mucormycosis initially identified by next-generation sequencing of cfDNA from the blood, and discuss the various benefits and challenges which come with new molecular diagnostic techniques.Amphibian skin secretions (substances produced by the amphibian plus microbiota) plausibly act as a first line of defense against parasite/pathogen attack, but may also provide chemical cues for pathogens. To clarify the role of skin secretions in host-parasite interactions, we conducted experiments using cane toads (Rhinella marina) and their lungworms (Rhabdias pseudosphaerocephala) from the range-core and invasion-front of the introduced anurans' range in Australia. Depending on the geographical area, toad skin secretions can reduce the longevity and infection success of parasite larvae, or attract lungworm larvae and enhance their infection success. These striking differences between the two regions were due both to differential responses of the larvae, and differential effects of the skin secretions. Our data suggest that skin secretions play an important role in host-parasite interactions in anurans, and that the arms race between a host and parasite can rapidly generate spatial variation in critical features of that interaction.

Dispersal effects on biofilms have not been adequately studied despite their strong potential impacts on biofilm development. We investigated the effects of dispersal on biofilm metacommunity.

A bacterial consortium was allowed to form biofilms on 12glass beads attached to disposable plates (compartmentalized or not), and biofilms were scrutinized on days 5, 10 and 15 using quantitative PCR and MiSeq sequencing. Biofilm population density was lesser by 2 orders of magnitude on day 5 when dispersal was allowed (p<0.05). Then, the population rapidly increased by 4.4 orders with dispersal (p<0.05) but did not change without dispersal. Community analyses revealed that dispersal increased the species diversity at all sampling times (p<0.05). Dispersal affected the community structure and increased the homogeneity of local communities (p<0.05). Distance-decay analysis showed that dispersal reduced the dissimilarity among local communities at all distance levels. Furthermore, dispersal reduced the variability of diversity, population and community structure. Network analysis revealed that dispersal increased the clustering coefficient, network density and connectivity.

Dispersal increased the species diversity, population and interaction and reduced the variability of the diversity, population and structure among local communities.

Our results suggest that dispersal can induce the niche complementarity and mass effects.

Our results suggest that dispersal can induce the niche complementarity and mass effects.