Munnmcwilliams3499

Concentrations of dissolved Cd in the non-buoyant plume were nearly identical to the background seawater and soluble Cd was dominant (75-92%) in the soluble phase. In contrast, 33-96% (or 0.024-0.085 μg/kg) of dissolved Cd was removed in the buoyant plume and the remaining dissolved Cd was mainly in colloidal phase (up to 96%), suggesting that hydrothermal plume was likely an important sink of oceanic Cd and colloidal ligands played an important role in the stabilization of hydrothermal Cd. Our study has demonstrated the very dynamic nature of trace metal speciation in hydrothermal vent fluids.Ciprofloxacin (CIP), a widely used fluoroquinolone antibiotic, is frequently detected in aqueous environments, and could be assimilated by vegetable plants to possess potential threats to human and animal health through food chains. However, plant uptake of CIP in different chemical speciation has still far from clear now. Thus, the toxicity and uptake of CIP by rice plants were investigated under different solution pH, owing to its contribution to different chemical speciation of CIP. Results display that high pH-driven changes of CIP from cation (CIP+) to anion (CIP-) decreased its adsorption and uptake by excised roots and intact plants, respectively. However, CIP concentrations in roots, stems and leaves all exhibited no significant differences with increasing solution pH. Moreover, six intermediates of CIP were detected and two possible transformation pathways were proposed in rice plants, including firstly oxidation and following consecutive cleavage of piperazine ring. After accumulated in plant tissues, CIP significantly inhibited the plant growth, decreased the photosynthetic pigments contents and enhanced the antioxidant enzyme activities in a concentration-dependent manner. Besides, high pH exacerbated the growth inhibition and changed the oxidative damage responses of rice plants to CIP. These findings indicate that the uptake and toxicity of CIP in rice plants were influenced by solution pH-driven changes of its chemical speciation.An environment-friendly, cost-effective, and facile N self-doping porous carbon (NC) were prepared through in-situ pyrolysis of nitrogen abundant Taihu blue algae biomass for CO2 uptake. It was found that the CO2 sorption capacity of porous carbon prepared through carbonization at 800 °C with KOH activation (N-C-800) exhibit higher CO2 uptake capacity of 4.88 (1 bar and 0 °C) and 2.76 mmol/g (1 bar and 25 °C) respectively, with the CO2/N2 selectivity of N-C-800 attaining 39.3. Besides, the adsorption capacity of N-C-800 remained stable even after 7 repeated cycles, with a slight loss of nearly 6%. Moreover, total graphitic N (Ntg) sources from the intrinsic N in N-C-800 is not only higher than other agro-sourced porous carbon materials, but the graphitic N performed a sound correlation with the CO2 uptake capacity. Combining experiments with Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations, higher adsorption energy of N-C-800 (-13.6 kJ/mol, comparing with -6.9 kJ/mol of N-free carbon framework) would render the efficient adsorption of CO2 molecular onto the graphitic N site. The current study not only provides a new option for the reclamation of Taihu blue algae biomass as N self-doping material, but a proof-of-concept investigation employing NC materials as an appealing candidate for CO2 capture.Surface water plays a significant role in world development by promoting economic growth and health benefits to humans and animals whose lives depend on good water quality in the ecosystem. Thus, this study investigated the differences in physical and chemical properties of surface water from two lakes (Lakes Jackson and Talquin) and a pond (Pedrick Pond). selleck products Also, the influence of environmental factors on the microbial communities that live within the water environment was examined. Genomic DNA was extracted from the water samples collected and 16S rRNA sequencing method was employed to characterize the microbial community compositions across the three locations. The results obtained suggest that the water sources met the recommended recreational water quality criteria standard for clean water. Overall, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Cyanobacteria, Bacteroidetes were the main bacterial phyla present in the communities, while Archaea was mainly dominated by Euryachaeota. Pressure, conductivity, temperature, dissolved oxygen (DO), and pH accounted for 74.2% of the variation in the distribution of the microbial community in the three locations (P less then 0.05), while 58.2% of the variation in the microbial community distribution was accounted for by pressure and conductivity. The high temperature observed in the Pedrick Pond correlated with the distribution of genera hgcl_clades and Legionella. While in Lake Talquin, water conductivity was significantly associated with the abundance of Cyanobium_PCC_6307, Sediminibacterium, and Conexibacter. The results from this study indicate that the microbial communities in the two lakes are different from the pond and all the environmental variables accounted for a significant portion of the total variation, but pressure, conductivity, and temperature are more important factors due to significant correlation with the distribution of the microbial communities.Epiphytic and epixylic lichens respond negatively to forest degradation, climate change and pollution, but those effects may depend on functional traits or interact with the stage of tree decay. Disentangling the main drivers of lichen communities remains a challenge in regions where lichens are diverse and poorly known, as the case of Patagonian temperate forests. We used a multi-scale approach to evaluate the relationship between environmental variables, tree decay stage and lichens. We sampled lichens across three increasing scales (tree ≪ site ≪ landscape) by selecting 19 landscape units, where trees in four decay stages (snags, logs, cavity trees and healthy trees) were selected within sampling plots. A total of 35 predictors were measured over different scales, including 25 remote sensing indices of forest conditions, climate and air pollutants. Structural Equation Models were used to test the causal linkages of predictors with lichens, distinguishing functional categories (size, growth and reproductive strategy).