Rosalesgade5077
or not to prescribe prophylactic AEDs (Level U).
Longitudinal measurement of tumor burden with MRI is an essential component of response assessment in pediatric brain tumors. We developed a fully automated pipeline for the segmentation of tumors in pediatric high-grade gliomas, medulloblastomas, and leptomeningeal seeding tumors. We further developed an algorithm for automatic 2D and volumetric size measurement of tumors.
A preoperative and postoperative cohort were randomly split into training and testing sets in a 41 ratio. A 3D U-Net neural network was trained to automatically segment the tumor on T1 contrast-enhanced and T2/FLAIR images. The product of the maximum bidimensional diameters according to the RAPNO criteria (AutoRAPNO) was determined. Performance was compared to that of two expert human raters who performed assessments independently. selleckchem Volumetric measurements of predicted and expert segmentations were computationally derived and compared.
A total of 794 pre-operative MRIs from 794 patients and 1,003 post-operative MRIs from 122 patients were included. There was excellent agreement of volumes between preoperative and postoperative predicted and manual segmentations, with ICCs of 0.912 and 0.960 for the two preoperative and 0.947 and 0.896 for the two postoperative models. There was high agreement between AutoRAPNO scores on predicted segmentations and manually calculated scores based on manual segmentations (Rater 2 ICC=0.909; Rater 3 ICC=0.851). Lastly, the performance of AutoRAPNO was superior in repeatability to that of human raters for MRIs with multiple lesions.
Our automated deep learning pipeline demonstrates potential utility for response assessment in pediatric brain tumors. The tool should be further validated in prospective studies.
Our automated deep learning pipeline demonstrates potential utility for response assessment in pediatric brain tumors. The tool should be further validated in prospective studies.
Persons with dementia experience behavioral symptoms, such as agitation and repeating questions, which have been reported as one of the most burdensome and stressful aspects of providing care for dementia caregivers. However, no published studies have assessed the subjective experience of behavioral symptoms and distress from people with dementia.
The current pilot study examined the feasibility of people with dementia providing self-reported behaviors and behavioral-related distress. Data from a larger, on-going research study was used consisting of people with mild to moderate dementia (n = 12) residing in a long-term memory care facility.
Participants were able to provide reliable (∝=.91) self-reported data concerning their own behaviors and behavioral-related distress with variability among responses. The most frequently self-reported behaviors included agitation (66.7%) and complaining/criticizing things (58.3%) while the least reported behaviors were refusing to be left alone (8.3%) and yelling/sw and beyond that of traditional objective measures, creating the potential for novel non-pharmacological intervention development for people with dementia.Semaphorins were originally identified as axon-guidance molecules essential for neural development. In addition to their functions in the neural system, members of the semaphorin family have critical functions in many pathophysiological processes, including immune responses, bone homeostasis, cancer and metabolic disorders. In particular, several lines of evidence indicate that mammalian/mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR), a central regulator of cell metabolism, regulates the functions of semaphorins in various types of cells, revealing a novel link between semaphorins and cell metabolism. In this review, we discuss recent advances in the immunometabolic functions of semaphorins, with a particular focus on mTOR signaling.
The receptor for AGEs (RAGE) is a multiligand member of the immunoglobulin superfamily of cell surface receptors expressed in many organs, among them, the kidneys. When activated, RAGE leads to a sequence of signaling that results in inflammation and oxidative stress, both involved in kidney disease pathogenesis. Gamma-oryzanol (γOz) comprises a mixture of ferulic acid (FA) esters and phytosterols (sterols and triterpene alcohols) mainly found in rice, with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities.
To evaluate the effect of γOz to reduce renal inflammation and oxidative stress by modulating AGEs/RAGE axis in animals submitted to a high sugar-fat diet.
Male Wistar rats (±187g) were randomly divided into two experimental groups control (n = 7 animals) and high sugar-fat diet (HSF, n = 14 animals) for 20 weeks. After this period, when the presence of renal disease risk factors was detected in the HSF group (insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, increased systolic blood pressure and obesity), the HSF animals were divided to begin the treatment with γOz or continue receiving only HSF for 10 more weeks.
No effect of γOz on obesity and metabolic parameters was observed. However, kidney inflammation and oxidative stress decreased as soon as RAGE levels were reduced in HSF + γOz.
It is possible to conclude that the gamma- oryzanol was effective in reducing inflammation and oxidative stress in the kidney by modulating the AGEs/RAGE axis.
It is possible to conclude that the gamma- oryzanol was effective in reducing inflammation and oxidative stress in the kidney by modulating the AGEs/RAGE axis.
Health-related quality of life is an essential part of managing chronically ill patients, including patients with chronic liver disease. Various methods are used to try to assess the quality of life ranging from generic to disease-specific questionnaires. Some of the results may reveal a novel connection to the disease's evolution, which is observed directly by the patient. This study aimed to validate and assess the chronic liver disease questionnaire (CLDQ-RO) performance in the Romanian population.
A two-phase study was designed. The first phase consisted of linguistic validation of CLDQ-RO (translation and piloting), while in the second phase, the questionnaire was applied to patients with various chronic liver diseases. Statistical validation (reliability, structural, and construct validity) was performed using SPSS v20.0, and statistical significance was considered p<0.05.
The CLDQ-RO was applied to 231 patients with chronic liver disease (14.3% with chronic hepatitis, 35.5% with compensated cirrhosis, and 50.