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aging that allows us to look at both mitochondrial function and shape and to detect subtle changes in shape. © 2020 The Authors. Journal of Microscopy published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Royal Microscopical Society.in English, Spanish ANTECEDENTES El papel de la cirugía citorreductora (cytoreductive surgery, CRS) combinado con la quimioterapia intraperitoneal hipertérmica (hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy, HIPEC) en el cáncer gástrico no está definido. Este estudio fase I-II no aleatorizado de escalado de dosis fue diseñado para evaluar la seguridad y la viabilidad de HIPEC, después de la quimioterapia sistémica, en pacientes con cáncer gástrico con diseminación peritoneal limitada. Además, se exploró la máxima dosis tolerada (maximum tolerated dose, MTD) de docetaxel intraperitoneal normotérmico en combinación con una dosis fija de oxaliplatino intraperitoneal. MÉTODOS Se incluyeron pacientes con adenocarcinoma gástrico cT3-cT4a resecable con metástasis peritoneales limitadas y/o citología peritoneal positiva. Se utilizó una técnica HIPEC abierta con 460 mg/m2 de oxaliplatino hipertérmico (30 minutos) seguido de docetaxel normotérmico (90 minutos) en dosis crecientes (0, 50, 75 mg/m2 ). RESULTADOS Entre 2014 y 2017, se incluyeron 37 pacientes. De los 25 pacientes que completaron la totalidad del protocolo del estudio, 4 pacientes fueron tratados en el nivel de dosis 1 (0 mg/m2 de docetaxel), 6 pacientes en el nivel de dosis 2 (50 mg/m2 ) y 4 pacientes en el nivel de dosis 3 (75 mg/m2 ). En el nivel de dosis 3, se produjeron dos casos de toxicidad limitante de dosis (dose-limiting toxicities, DLTs), ambas asociadas con un íleo postoperatorio. Posteriormente, otros 11 pacientes fueron tratados con el nivel de dosis 2, y no se produjeron más DLTs. La MTD de docetaxel intraperitoneal fue de 50 mg/m2 . Se registraron efectos adversos graves en 17 de 25 pacientes. La tasa de reoperación fue del 16% (n = 4) y la mortalidad relacionada con el tratamiento fue del 8% (n = 2; ambos en el nivel de dosis 3).The COVID-19 pandemic has necessitated cancelation of elective or non-urgent contact with the healthcare system, including non-urgent nerve conduction studies and electromyography (electrodiagnostic [EDX] studies). The definitions of elective and non-urgent are physician judgments, and often are not straightforward. Clinical care must be provided to help our patients in a timely manner, while keeping them, health care personnel and the community safe. Benefit/risk stratification is an important part of this process. We have stratified EDX studies into 3 categories Urgent, Non-urgent and Possibly Urgent, in an effort to help clinicians triage these referrals. For each category, we provide a rationale and some examples. However, each referral must be reviewed on a case-by-case basis, and the clinical situation will evolve over time, necessitating flexibility in managing EDX triaging. Engaging the referring clinician and, at times, the patient, may be useful in the triage process. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.BACKGROUND On 07/02/2020, French Health authorities were informed of a confirmed case of SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus in an Englishman infected in Singapore who had recently stayed in a chalet in the French Alps. We conducted an investigation to identify secondary cases and interrupt transmission. METHODS We defined as a confirmed case a person linked to the chalet with a positive RT-PCR sample for SARS-CoV-2. RESULTS The index case stayed 4 days in the chalet with 10 English tourists and a family of 5 French residents; SARS-CoV-2 was detected in 5 individuals in France, 6 in England (including the index case), and 1 in Spain (overall attack rate in the chalet 75%). One pediatric case, with picornavirus and influenza A coinfection, visited 3 different schools while symptomatic. Gefitinib One case was asymptomatic, with similar viral load as that of a symptomatic case. Seven days after the first cases were diagnosed, one tertiary case was detected in a symptomatic patient with a positive endotracheal aspirate; all previous and concurrent nasopharyngeal specimens were negative. Additionally, 172 contacts were monitored, including 73 tested negative for SARS-CoV-2. CONCLUSIONS The occurrence in this cluster of one asymptomatic case with similar viral load as a symptomatic patient, suggests transmission potential of asymptomatic individuals. The fact that an infected child did not transmit the disease despite close interactions within schools suggests potential different transmission dynamics in children. Finally, the dissociation between upper and lower respiratory tract results underscores the need for close monitoring of the clinical evolution of suspect Covid-19 cases. © The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press for the Infectious Diseases Society of America.As a major hemicellulosic component of plant cell walls, xylan plays a determinative role in maintaining cell wall structure. However, the transcriptional regulation mechanisms of xylan biosynthesis remain largely unknown. The Arabidopsis seed mucilage represents an ideal system for studying polysaccharide biosynthesis and modifications of plant cell walls. Here, we identify KNOTTED ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA 7 (KNAT7) as a positive transcriptional regulator of xylan biosynthesis in seed mucilage. Xylan content was significantly reduced in the knat7-3 mucilage accompanied by significantly reduced expression of xylan biosynthesis-related genes IRREGULAR XYLEM 14 (IRX14) and MUCILAGE MODIFIED 5/MUCILAGE-RELATED 21 (MUM5/MUCI21). The electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA), yeast one-hybrid (Y1H), and chromatin immunoprecipitation with quantitative PCR (ChIP-qPCR) assays verified the direct binding of KNAT7 to the KNOTTED1 (KN1) binding site [KBS,TGACAG(G/C)T] in promoters of IRX7, IRX14 and MUM5/MUCI21 in vitro, in vivo and in planta. Furthermore, KNAT7 directly activated the expression of IRX14 and MUM5/MUCI21 in transactivation assays in mesophyll protoplasts. Additionally, overexpression of IRX14 or MUM5/MUCI21 in knat7-3 partially rescued the defects in mucilage adherence. Collectively, our results revealed that KNAT7 positively regulates xylan biosynthesis in seed coat mucilage via directly activating the expression of IRX14 and MUM5/MUCI21. © The Author(s) 2020. 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