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Investigating regenerative effects of ALA on recovery of SNCI in rats.
Randomized, experimental, and sham-controlled study. Sciatic nerves of 28 rats in 4 groups were traumatized for 60 seconds. selleck G1; sham-operated + saline, G2; SNCI + saline, G3; SNCI + ALA 50 mg/kg/day, G4; SNCI + ALA 100 mg/kg/day. SFI values were measured on day 0, 1, 7, 14, 21, and 28. Sciatic nerve stimulation threshold values (STV) were recorded on day 1, 14, and 28. Endpoint histopathologic evaluation was conducted.
Mean SFI value of G2 but not G3/G4 on day 7 was significantly lower than day 0 (p=0.035, p=0.447/p=0.800). Mean SFI value of G2 but not G3/G4 increased significantly between day 7 and 14 (p=0.035, p=0.447/p=0.438). Day 14 mean sciatic nerve STV of G3/G4 but not G2 were decreased significantly compared to day 1 (p=0.022/p=0.022, p=0.933). Mean sciatic nerve STV of G3/G4 on day 14 were similar to day 0 (p=0.106/p=0.418). Regeneration in muscle and nerve connective tissues, and nerve structures were observed in G3/G4. Inflammation in muscle and nerve tissues of G4 was suppressed down to similar levels of G1. Myelinated nerve fibers were less degenerated in G3/G4.
ALA has the potential to accelerate the process of nerve healing in the context of SNCI in rats.
ALA has the potential to accelerate the process of nerve healing in the context of SNCI in rats.
The aim of this review was to examine biopsychosocial factors associated with an increased risk of attention problems after a traumatic brain injury in children.
A systematic review of the literature was conducted using data sources of MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and CINAHL up to August 30, 2020. Literature primarily examined pediatric patients with traumatic brain injury and attention problems. Risk factors for attention problems posttraumatic brain injury examined in all articles were identified and grouped into broad categories of biological, psychological, and social factors. Methodological quality of each study was assessed using the modified Downs and Black checklist. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines from 2009 were used in completing this review.
Forty articles met inclusion criteria for this study. Overall findings were mixed but suggested that younger age at injury, presence of preinjury attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, poorer preinjury adaptns.The Association of Academic Physiatrists designates this journal-based CME activity for a maximum of 1.0 AMA PRA Category 1 Credit(s)™. Physicians should only claim credit commensurate with the extent of their participation in the activity.
The Dizziness Handicap Inventory (DHI) is a 25-item self-report quantifying dizziness-related physical and emotional symptoms and restrictions in daily activities. DHI scores do not correlate with severity of structural vestibular deficits; thus, high DHI scores may reflect other causes of morbidity. This study investigated the relationship between total DHI scores and the presence of structural, functional, and psychiatric disorders in tertiary neurotology patients.
Retrospective.
Tertiary center.
Eighty-five patients who underwent multidisciplinary neurotologic evaluations.
Diagnostic.
Active illnesses identified by a multidisciplinary neurotology team were abstracted from medical records, cataloged as structural, functional, or psychiatric disorders, and used to group patients into diagnostic categories structural (structural disorders only), functional (functional disorders with/without structural disorders), and psychiatric (psychiatric disorders with/without other conditions). DHI scores wernditions.
Limited data currently characterize management trends of sporadic vestibular schwannoma (VS) in the United States over recent decades. Serving as the primary patient support organization in the United States, the Acoustic Neuroma Association (ANA) facilitates amalgamation of data from patients treated from 1970 through January 2019. The primary objective of the current study was to characterize the evolution in the management of sporadic VS among ANA survey respondents treated over the last half-century.
Cross-sectional survey.
ANA survey respondents diagnosed with sporadic VS.
Trends in rates of microsurgery, radiosurgery, and observation from 1970 to 2019.
Among 953 patients with VS responding during the study period, 876 (92%) were included. Subjects reported the following management strategies 220 observation (25%), 454 microsurgery (52%), and 193 radiosurgery (22%). The rate of microsurgery decreased from 86-88% from 1970 to 2000 to 44% in the last decade. The proportion of VS observed increased from 7% of all tumors in the 1990s, to 14% in the 2000s, to 33% in the 2010s. The rate of radiosurgery has increased to 28% in the last decades compared with 7% in the 1990s. The rate of subtotal resection in tumors > 2 cm increased from 34% in the 2000s to 60% in the 2010s (p = 0.0011).
Overall, these data support a progression toward fewer patients treated with microsurgery in recent decades. Radiosurgery and observation became increasingly more common after the turn of the century, possibly due to better detection of small and asymptomatic tumors and a greater understanding of the natural history of disease.
Overall, these data support a progression toward fewer patients treated with microsurgery in recent decades. Radiosurgery and observation became increasingly more common after the turn of the century, possibly due to better detection of small and asymptomatic tumors and a greater understanding of the natural history of disease.
Vestibular migraine (VM) is the most common neurologic cause of vertigo in adults, but there are no currently-approved rescue therapies. This study describes the benefits of non-invasive vagus nerve stimulation (nVNS) on vertigo, headache, and nystagmus during VM attacks.
Case series of four VM patients who were evaluated during acute VM episodes in a tertiary referral neurology clinic between February 2019 and January 2020. They underwent bedside neuro-otologic examination, and graded the severity of vertigo and headache using a 10-point visual-analog scale (VAS; 0-no symptoms, 10-worst ever symptoms), before and 15 minutes after nVNS.
Average vertigo severity was 5 (median 4.5) before, and 1.5 (median 0.5) after nVNS. Mean headache severity (three patients) before treatment was 4 (median 4), and 0.7 (median 0) after. Spontaneous right-beating nystagmus (Patient 1) nystagmus, upbeat nystagmus (Patient 2), and positional nystagmus (Patient 3) resolved with nVNS. Baseline left-beating nystagmus in Patient 4 from previous vestibular neuritis damped during acute VM but returned to baseline following nVNS.