Osmansandoval0695

To improve developmentally supportive positioning practices by 50% in neonates weighing <1800 g, admitted in a neonatal intensive care unit over 6 months.

Infant Position Assessment Tool (IPAT) scores were used for assessment of the ideal position. Proportion of neonates with IPAT score ≥8 and improvement of average IPAT score were the process and the outcome measures, respectively. At baseline, 16.6% of infants had optimum position. After root cause analysis, interventions were done in multiple Plan-Do-Study-Act (PDSA) cycles of educational sessions, positioning audits, use of low-cost nesting aids, and training of mothers.

Over 21 weeks, 74 neonates were observed at 714 opportunities. Over 6 months, mean (SD) IPAT score improved from 3.4 (1.4) to 9.2 (2.8). Optimum positioning was maintained in 83.3% neonates during sustenance phase.

Low-cost interventions, awareness regarding standards of optimum positioning and involvement of primary caregiver can effectively improve infant positioning practices.

Low-cost interventions, awareness regarding standards of optimum positioning and involvement of primary caregiver can effectively improve infant positioning practices.

To describe the prevalence of obesity and sarcopenia among survivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) using DEXA scan, and study associated risk factors.

This case control study was conducted between July, 2013 and June, 2014 at a tertiary care cancer centre in India. Study participants included 65 survivors of childhood ALL who were <18 years of age at diagnosis, treated between years 1996 and 2008, and were at least two years since completion of therapy. The controls included 50 matched siblings. Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) was used to study the body composition (body fat percentage, BF% and lean body mass, LBM) of the participants and controls. selleck McCarthy's body fat reference data were applied and logistic regression analysis was used to study various risk factors.

At a median (range) follow-up of 5 (7.2-17.2) years, BF% (DEXA) identified a significantly higher prevalence of obesity of 21.5% (14/65) and sarcopenic obesity (14%) among survivors as compared to the controls (0/50, P<0.001), while the prevalence of sarcopenia as detected by LBM was similar at 60% (39/65) and 56% (28/50), respectively. On multivariate analysis, age at evaluation, high-risk disease and cranial irradiation were independently associated with high likelihood of obesity, while none of the factors predicted sarcopenia.

High prevalence of obesity and sarcopenic obesity were observed among survivors of childhood ALL.

High prevalence of obesity and sarcopenic obesity were observed among survivors of childhood ALL.

To study the clinical profile and outcome of adolescent onset anorexia nervosa at a tertiary care center in Southern India.

Review of hospital records of adolescents diagnosed with anorexia nervosa. Outcome was assessed for those with a follow-up of atleast one year, by outpatient visit or by a telephonic interview.

Data of 43 patients (28% males) with mean (SD) age at presentation of 13.4 (1.7) years were included. The mean (SD) BMI at presentation was 13.8 (3.2) kg/m2, the lowest being 8.3 kg/m2. 33 (76%) patients were hospitalized for nutritional rehabilitation. Of the 15 patients followed up 1-5 years later, one had died and 11 had achieved normal weight for age.

As compared to other studies, this study showed a higher proportion of boys with anorexia nervosa. Further research is necessary to understand factors affecting long-term outcome.

As compared to other studies, this study showed a higher proportion of boys with anorexia nervosa. Further research is necessary to understand factors affecting long-term outcome.

To identify children with postnatal hearing loss, a structured monitoring system is needed. The goal of this study was to describe a targeted surveillance program in Italy to identify children with postnatal hearing loss.

Between January, 2013, and December, 2016, all children who received bilateral 'pass' result at the newborn hearing screening, and who were identified as having at least one risk factor, were referred for targeted surveillance. The hospital records of these children were retrieved.

Among children enrolled, 66 were identified with permanent hearing loss. The most frequent risk factors were family history (35%), prematurity (25.5%), low birthweight (19.2%), severe hyperbilirubinemia (19%), prolonged ventilation (15%) and congenital infection (12.5%).

An audiological surveillance program in newborns who 'pass' in neonatal screening, but have risk factors, is effective in identifying permanent postnatal hearing disorders.

An audiological surveillance program in newborns who 'pass' in neonatal screening, but have risk factors, is effective in identifying permanent postnatal hearing disorders.Few studies have investigated the potential of tumor immune microenvironment genes as indicators of urinary bladder cancer. Here, we sought to establish an immune-related gene signature for determining prognosis and treatment options. We developed a ten-gene tumor immune microenvironment signature and evaluated its prognostic capacity on internal and external cohorts. Multivariate Cox regression and nomogram analyses revealed the prognostic risk model as an independent and effective indicator of prognosis. We observed lower proportions of CD8+ T cells, dendritic cells, regulatory T cells, higher proportions of macrophages and neutrophils in high UBC risk group. UBC tissues with high-risk score tend to exhibit high TP53 and RB1 mutation rates, high PD1/PD-L1 expression and poor-survival basal squamous subtypes, while those with low-risk score tend to have high FGFR3 mutation rates and luminal papillary subtypes. Unexpectedly, we found a highly significant positive correlation between glycolytic genes and risk score, highlighting metabolic competition in tumor ecosystem and potential therapeutic avenues. Our study thus revealed a tumor immune microenvironment signature for predicting prognostic and response to immune checkpoint inhibitors against bladder cancer. Prospective studies are required to further test the predictive capacity of this model.